Python is a programming language. It's used for many different
applications. It's used in some high schools and colleges as an
introductory programming language because Python is easy to learn, but
it's also used by professional software developers at places such as Google,
NASA, and Industrial Light & Magic.
If you're curious about finding out more about Python, start with the
Beginner's Guide to Python.
That depends on where Python came from.
If someone installed it deliberately, you can remove it without
hurting anything. On Windows, use the Add/Remove Programs icon in the
Control Panel.
If Python was installed by a third-party application, you can also
remove it, but that application will no longer work. You should probably
use that application's uninstaller rather than removing Python directly.
If Python came with your operating system, removing it is not
recommended. If you remove it, whatever tools were written in Python
will no longer run, and some of them might be important to you.
Reinstalling the whole system would then be required to fix things
again.